radical fundamentalism | condemning terrorism

Islam in America and Arab-Americans | reference

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• Radical Islamic Fundamentalism ___[return to top]
  • see psychology of terrorists

  • see terrorist use of the internet at the Cyberspace and Information Operations Study Center

  • The Military Strategy of Global Jihad (local copy), by Zabel, Oct 2007, Strategic Studies Institute

  • The New Totalitarians: Social Identities and Radical Islamist Political Grand Strategy (local copy), by MacDonald, Jan 2007, Strategic Studies Institute

  • Global Network Terrorism: - I. Sacred Values and Radicalization, II. Comparative Anatomy and Evolution (local copy), by Scott Atran, National Security Council briefing, White House, 28 Apr 2006
    -- see also other terrorism materials by Atran

  • Jihad Ideology in Light of Contemporary Fatwas, by Bar, Hudson Institute, Aug 2006
  • Current Trends in Islamist Ideology, Vol. 5, by Fradkin et al, Hudson Institute, July 2007
  • Current Trends in Islamist Ideology, Vol. 4, by Fradkin et al, Hudson Institute, Nov 2006
  • Current Trends in Islamist Ideology, Vol. 3, by Fradkin et al, Hudson Institute, 2006
  • Current Trends in Islamist Ideology, Vol. 2, by Fradkin et al, Hudson Institute, 2005
  • Current Trends in Islamist Ideology, Vol. 1, by Fradkin et al, Hudson Institute, 2005

  • Islamist Extremism in Europe - testimony before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee Subcommittee on European Affairs, 5 Apr 2006
    • Testimony of Tom C. Korologos, United States Ambassador to Belgium (Local Copy) - focusing on a successful program of diaglogue between U.S. and Belgium Muslim communities and leaders

  • Islamic Extremism in Europe - testimony before the subcommittee of the House Committee on International Relations, 27 Apr 2005
    • Statement by Subcommittee Chairman Elton Gallegly (Local Copy)
    • Statement by Congressman Robert Wexler (Local Copy)
    • Islamic Extremism in Europe - testimony of Peter Bergen (Local Copy)
      • Future terrorist attacks that will be damaging to American national security are therefore likely to have a European connection. Citizens of the European Union who adopt al Qaeda’s ideology can both move around Europe easily and also have easy entrée into the United States because of the Visa Waiver Program that exists with European countries.
    • Islamic Extremism in Europe: Beyond al-Qaeda: Hamas and Hezbollah in Europe - testimony of Matthew A. Levitt (Local Copy)
    • Islamic Extremism in Europe - testimony of Lorenzo Vidino (Local Copy)
    • The radicalisation of Muslim youth in Europe: The reality and the scale of the threat (Local Copy), testimony of Claude Moniquet

  • Al-Qaeda in Saudi Arabia: Asymmetric Threats and Islamist Extremists , by Cordesman and Obaid, Center for Strategic and International Studies, Jan 2005

  • The Religious Sources of Islamic Terrorism, by Bar, in Policy Review, June & July 2004

  • Emotions, Poverty, or Politics: Misconceptions About Islamic Movements (local copy), by Baylouny, in Strategic Insights, Jan 2004

  • The Origins of the New Terrorism, by Morgan, in Parameters, Spring 2004

  • 9/11: Wahabism/Hegemony and Agenic Man/Heroic Masculinity, by Segell, in Strategic Insights, Mar 2005 (local copy)
  • The Islamic Traditions of Wahhabism and Salafiyya (local copy), Congressional Research Service report

  • Wahhabism: State-Sponsored Extremism Worldwide (local copy), testimony by Alexiev, Senate subcommittee, 26 Jun 03
  • Wahhabism and Islam in the U.S. (local copy), testimony by Schwartz, Senate subcommittee, 26 Jun 03
  • Saudi Support for Islamic Extremism in the U.S. (local copy), testimony by Epstein, Senate subcommittee, 10 Sep 03

  • Al-Ikhwan Al-Muslimeen: The Muslim Brotherhood (local copy), Military Review, Jul-Aug 2003 - "Without closely examining Al-Ikhwan al-Muslimeen (the Muslim Brotherhood) founded in Egypt in 1928, it is impossible to try to understand modern Islamic radicalism."

  • America's Information War on Terrorism: Winning Hearts and Minds in the Muslim World (local copy), by McClanahan, US Army War College, class of 2002

  • Rolling Back Radical Islam, by Peters, in Parameters, Autumn 2002

  • Socio-Economic Roots of Radicalism? Towards Explaining the Appeal of Islamic Radicals (local copy), SSI, July 2003

  • Inside Jihad U. - The Education of a Holy Warrior, addressing the Haqqania madrasa

  • The Western Mind of Radical Islam, by Pipes, in First Things, Dec 1995
    • This pattern points to a paradox: the very intellectuals intent on marching the Muslim world back to the seventh century also excel in Western ways and seem very much to appreciate at least some of them. How does this happen? What does it indicate about their present strengths and future course?
    • Indeed, the experience of living in the West often turns indifferent Muslims into Islamists.
    • Actual terrorists also tend to be science-oriented, though less accomplished.

  • The Growing Reach of Radical Islam (local copy), by Lewis, in Joint Force Quarterly, Autumn 1995

  • A Theory of Fundamentalism: an Inquiry into the Origin and Development of the Movement (local copy), SSI, Sep 1995

  • Shari'a Law, Cult Violence and System Change in Egypt: the Dilemma Facing President Mubarak (local copy), SSI, Apr 1994

  • Islamic Activism, AU Library bibliography

  • Library of Congress Country Study on Saudi Arabia
    • Islamism in Saudi Arabia (local copy)
    • Wahhabi Theology (local copy)
    • The Ikhwan Movement (local copy)

  • The Rise of Islamic Fundamentalism in Uzbekistan, ACSC paper, 2002
  • The Central Asian Republics after September 11, 2001 - How Should the US Alter Its Engagement Strategy?, ACSC paper, 2002

  • Islamic Extremism in Former Soviet Republics (local copy), by Sarafian, in Military Review, May-Jun 2001

  • Jihad and Terrorism Studies Project, Middle East Media Research Institute (MEMRI) - "established ... to monitor militant-Islamic groups that educate and preach Jihad and martyrdom in mosques, school systems, and in the media. This project will also focus on individuals and radical Islamist organizations, sermons and religious rulings (fatwas) and reactions to terrorist attacks both in the U.S. and abroad. "

  • Transnational Terrorism and the al Qaeda Model: Confronting New Realities, by Smith, in Parameters, Summer 2002

• Islamic condemnation of terrorism ___[return to top]
  • A top Iranian religious leader says suicide bombers are doomed to eternity in hell
    From "Iran on the Brink," by Michael Ledeen, National Review Online, 29 Apr 2002

    Last Wednesday, April 24, an obscure deputy in the Iranian parliament went to the podium at 10:45 in the morning to read a prepared statement.

    Few in that hall could have known what was coming: a fatwa issued by one of the country's most prestigious and revered religious leaders, the Grand Ayatollah Montazeri. His message was directed far beyond the boundaries of Iran, to all members of the Shia faith. It was a powerful and politically important message: Suicide terrorism is antithetical to the teachings of Islam, and those who practice it, and kill women, children, and babies, are doomed to eternity in hell. The struggle between the Palestinian people and Israel must be resolved by other means, above all by negotiations. A tumult broke out when the import of the statement became clear, but the parliamentary president permitted the deputy to read the fatwa in its entirety.

    The proceedings were broadcast live throughout Iran. Therefore, although no Iranian publication and, to my knowledge, no foreign-news service reported the event, the Iranian people were able to hear it in real time.

  • The Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC) "set up by the Kings and Heads of State and Government of Islamic States, in 1969"
    • 11 Oct 01, Secretary General of OIC strongly condemning the terrorist attacks that caused the death of a great number of innocent people
      (local copy of full text) ... excerpt below

      The Secretary-General stated that those acts are diametrically opposed to the religion and teachings of Islam, which proscribe the unjust taking of a human life and stress the sanctity of human life. Moreover, those acts are in clear contradiction with innumerable resolutions adopted by the Organization of the Islamic Conference which condemn terrorism in all its forms and manifestations and are also in contradiction with the Code of Conduct on Combating International Terrorism and the OIC 1998 Convention on Combating Terrorism, which makes it crystal clear that Islam repudiates and denounces terrorism and exhorts the Member States to "refrain from assisting or supporting terrorists in any way, shape or form, including the harboring of terrorists and granting them financial help or other forms of assistance."

    • Resolution No. 54/25-P On the Follow-Up of the Code of Conduct for Combating International Terrorism, 25th Session of the Islamic Conference of Foreign Ministers, March 1998 (local copy)
    • Resolution No. 55/25-P On the Strengthening of Islamic Solidarity in Combating Hijacking, 25th Session of the Islamic Conference of Foreign Ministers, March 1998 (local copy)

  • Attacks are an "injustice, oppression and tyranny" - The Grand Mufti of Saudi Arabia -- "It is obligatory upon the Scholars of the Muslim Ummah that they explain the truth concerning the likes of these affairs (i.e. terrorist attacks) and that they make clear to the world at large that the Shari'ah of Allaah and the religion of Islam does not sanction these types of actions, ever."

  • Ain-Al-Yaqeen, weekly Arab political magazine, "The Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques King Fahd Ibn Abdul Aziz reiterated the Kingdom's categorical rejection and strong denunciation of terrorism. The Kingdom's constitution, based on the Holy Quran and the Sunnah (teachings of the Prophet) PBUH, forbids the killing of innocents and attack of civilians."

  • US Attacks a Terrible Crime in Islam - The Chief Justice of the Supreme Judiciary Council of Saudi Arabia

  • An Afghan-American speaks "When you think Taliban, think Nazis. When you think bin Laden, think Hitler. And when you think "the people of Afghanistan," think "the Jews in the concentration camps." It's not only that the Afghan people had nothing to do with this atrocity. They were the first victims of the perpetrators." -- "We're flirting with a world war between Islam and the West. And guess what: that's Bin Laden's program. That's exactly what he wants. That's why he did this."

• Islam in America and Arab-Americans ___[return to top]
  • "Arabs belong to many religions, including Islam, Christianity, Druze, Judaism and others." - from 100 Questions and Answers About Arab Americans

  • Muslim Life in America
    • American Muslims - Demographics

  • Council on American-Islamic Relations (CAIR)
    • The Mosque in America: A National Portrait, a report from the Mosque Study Project

  • 100 Questions and Answers About Arab Americans, A Journalist's Guide, from Detroit Free Press

  • Interacting with Arabs and Muslims (local copy), by Navarro, in FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, Sep 2002

  • Civil Rights Concerns in the Metropolitan Washington, D.C., Area in the Aftermath of the September 11, 2001, Tragedies (local copy), June 2003 report
    • Chapter 2: Background on Arab, South Asian, Muslim, and Sikh Communities in the United States
    • Chapter 3: Understanding Islam in America in the Aftermath of September 11

  • Arab-American Experience and Middle Eastern Culture (local copy), a lesson plan from the Ft Bliss Equal Opportunity Office

  • Islam in the United States: a Tentative Ascent (local copy), March 1997 interview

• Reference ___[return to top]
  • See also Congressional Research Service reports

  • See also strategic communication section on Info Ops page

  • See also Islamic Law section on Law page

  • The Koran or Qur'an
    • The Koran, at U. of Mich.
    • The Koran, at U. of Va.

  • Cyber-Herding: Exploiting Islamic Extremists Use of the Internet (local copy), by Moon, Naval Postgraduate School, 2007
    • - interesting PEW results on page four regarding words associated with Westerners by various Muslim respondents

  • Building Moderate Muslim Networks, Rand report, 2007

  • Islam and the West: Searching for Common Ground, hearing before the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations, 18 July 2006

  • Political Islam: a Selected Bibliography, Naval War College Library

  • America's Call to Islam in the Middle East The Information War (local copy), by Leach, Mar 2005, posted by Strategic Studies Institute

  • Moral Teachings of Islam Not as Seen by Al Qaeda or Other Groups (local copy), by Khalaf Shra’a, Mar 2005, posted by Strategic Studies Institute

  • How U.S. is perceived in Arab and Muslim world (local copy), by Kohut, Pew Global Attitudes Project, testimony to Congress, 10 Nov 2005

  • Political Islam and the West (Local Copy), by Esposito, in Joint Force Quarterly, Spring 2000

  • Democratic Opportunity and the Islamic World, Remarks by Andrew S. Natsios, Administrator, U.S. Agency for International Development, 22 Apr 2005

  • Dr. Rice Addresses War on Terror (Local Copy) - 19 Aug 2004 Remarks by National Security Advisor Condoleezza Rice to the U.S. Institute of Peace
    • Americans also need to hear the stories of the people of the Muslim world. We need to understand their challenges and their cultures and their hopes; to speak their languages and read their literature; to know their cultures in the deepest sense. Our interaction must be a conversation, not a monologue. We must reach out and explain, but we must also listen.

  • A Clash of Perceptions: The U.S. and the Islamic World, 22 July 2004 speech by Chargé d’Affaires a.i. Robert A. Pollard - examines the myths about both

  • U.S. Strategy in the Muslim World After 9/11, 2004 RAND research brief
  • The Muslim World after 9/11, 2004 RAND report
  • Civil Democratic Islam: Partners, Resources, and Strategies, 2003 RAND report - includes proposed strategy and a case study

  • Tribal Tendencies, Global Realities: Islamic Group Dynamics in the Modern World, by Wilson, in Strategic Insights, June 2003 (local copy)

  • The Advisory Group on Public Diplomacy in the Arab and Muslim World was formed in June [2003] at the request of Congress. It is a subcommittee of the U.S. Advisory Commission on Public Diplomacy
    • Changing Minds Winning Peace: a New Strategic Direction for U.S. Public Diplomacy in the Arab & Muslim World (Local Copy), Oct 2003 report submitted to Congress by the Advisory Group on Public Diplomacy for the Arab and Muslim World

  • American Public Diplomacy and Islam, testimony before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, Feb 2003

  • Islamic Studies at the University of Georgia

  • Universal Islamic Declaration of Human Rights, published by the Islamic Council, London, 19 September 1981

  • Islamic Rulings on Warfare (local copy), SSI, Oct 2004

  • View from the East: Arab Perceptions of United States Presence and Policy (local copy), by Talbot and Meyer, INSS Occasional Paper 48, Feb 2003

  • Bridging the Dangerous Gap between the West and the Muslim World (local copy), 3 May 2002 speech by Deputy Secretary Wolfowitz

  • Arab/Islamic Perceptions of the Information Campaign [war on terror] (local copy), report on a seminar, from the USMC Center for Emerging Threats and Opportunities (CETO)

  • America's Credibility at Stake: Arab Perceptions of US Foreign Policy, by Meyer, ACSC paper, 2002

  • Also Known as Indonesia: Notes on the Javanese Empire (local copy), by Peters, 2002, for the USMC Center for Emerging Threats and Opportunities (CETO)
    "Indonesia is of far greater strategic importance to the United States than we have yet realized." ... "The future of Islam is being decided in Indonesia."

  • Library of Congress Country Study on Saudi Arabia
    • Early Development of Islam (local copy)
    • The Middle Ages, 700-1500 (local copy)
    • Tenets of Sunni Islam (local copy) - including the five pillars
    • Shia (local copy)
    • Cultural Homogeneity and Values (local copy)
    • Pilgrimage (local copy)
    • Islamism in Saudi Arabia (local copy)
    • Wahhabi Theology (local copy)
    • The Saud Family and Wahhabi Islam, 1500-1818 (local copy)
    • The Ikhwan Movement (local copy)

  • Muslim Distribution Worldwide, Sunni and Shia, a map

  • Saban Center for Middle East Policy, at the Brookings Institution -- sponsors of the U.S.-Islamic World Forum

  • Islam bibliography, by Air University Library, includes online and in-print references and resources

  • Islamic Contributions to Science and Math

  • Muslim directory online
    • The Five Pillars of Islam

  • Globalization and Muslim Societies, videos from the Library of Congress on issues about women, law, minorities, etc.

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